Abstract
Five novel strains of Photobacterium (A-394T, A-373, A-379, A-397 and A-398) were isolated from bleached coral Madracis decactis (scleractinian) in the remote St Peter & St Archipelago (SPSPA), Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil. Healthy M. decactis specimens were also surveyed, but no strains were related to them. The novel isolates formed a distinct lineage based on the 16S rRNA, recA, and rpoA gene sequences analysis. Their closest phylogenetic neighbours were Photobacterium rosenbergii, P. gaetbulicola, and P. lutimaris, sharing 96.6 to 95.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The novel species can be differentiated from the closest neighbours by several phenotypic and chemotaxonomic markers. It grows at pH 11, produces tryptophane deaminase, presents the fatty acid C18:0, but lacks C16:0 iso. The whole cell protein profile, based in MALDI-TOF MS, distinguished the strains of the novel species among each other and from the closest neighbors. In addition, we are releasing the whole genome sequence of the type strain. The name Photobacterium sanctipauli sp. nov. is proposed for this taxon. The G + C content of the type strain A-394T (= LMG27910T = CAIM1892T) is 48.2 mol%.
Highlights
The genus Photobacterium comprises 26 formally described species (Euzeby, 2013; Liu et al, 2014; Srinivas et al, 2013)
P. jeanii was associated with healthy colonies of the scleractinian Merulina ampliata in Australia and the octocoral Phyllogorgia dilatata in Brazil (Chimetto et al, 2010), whereas P. rosenbergii was retrieved from several scleractinians, including healthy Pachyseris speciosa and diseased M. ampliata, P. speciosa and Barabattoia amicorum, in Australia (Thompson et al, 2005b), as well as from healthy Mussismilia hispida in Brazil (Chimetto et al, 2009)
16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the five isolates formed a tight monophyletic branch affiliated to the genus Photobacterium (Fig. 1)
Summary
The genus Photobacterium comprises 26 formally described species (Euzeby, 2013; Liu et al, 2014; Srinivas et al, 2013). They showed less than 97% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity towards the closest phylogenetic neighbor, Photobacterium rosenbergii (Moreira et al, 2014). The present study aimed to describe a novel Photobacterium species, represented by five strains previously isolated in the SPSPA (Table S2), based on a polyphasic approach.
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