Photoageing: the role of UVB, solar-simulated UVB, visible and psoralen UVA radiation.

Abstract

We have studied the morphological and histological effects of chronic exposure of two strains of haired mice (albino Balb/c and pigmented C3H-) to various types of radiation. UVB (280-320 nm) radiation from unfiltered sunlamp bulbs for 20 and 30 weeks produced marked epidermal acanthosis and dyskeratosis which was reversible in mice exposed for 20 weeks followed by a 20-week rest. In the dermis the elastic fibres were altered and in the pigmented mice these changes had almost completely reversed 29 weeks after cessation of exposure. Cellulose acetate-filtered sunlamp bulbs (greater than 289 nm) produced similar but less marked changes. Chronic exposure to UVA (320-400 nm) radiation produced minimal alterations in the dermis while the epidermis was normal. Visible (greater than 400 nm) radiation in large doses produced no degenerative changes. Methoxsalen/UVA radiation produced epidermal acanthosis, dermal sclerosis, and alteration of elastic fibres, which was prominent in both strains at 40 weeks. These findings suggest that the UVB component of sunlight is largely responsible for photoageing of the skin. Furthermore, chronic exposure to methoxsalen/UVA therapy is likely to potentiate solar-induced photoageing.