Abstract
Spectroscopic intravascular photoacoustic imaging (sIVPA) has shown promise to detect and distinguish lipids in atherosclerotic plaques. sIVPA generally utilizes one of the two high absorption bands in the lipid absorption spectrum at 1.2μm and 1.7μm. Specific absorption signatures of various lipid compounds within the bands in either wavelength range can potentially be used to differentiate between plaque lipids and peri-adventitial lipids. With the aim to quantify any differences between the two bands, we performed combined sIVPA imaging in both absorption bands on a vessel phantom and an atherosclerotic human coronary artery ex vivo. Lipid detection in a human atherosclerotic lesion with sIVPA required lower pulse energy at 1.7μm than at 1.2μm (0.4mJ versus 1.2mJ). The imaging depth was twice as large at 1.2μm compared to 1.7μm. Adequate differentiation between plaque and peri-adventitial lipids was achieved at 1.2μm only.
Highlights
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death worldwide [1]
The lipid maps resulting from the correlation of the data in the 1.2 mm range with the cholesterol and the peri-adventitial lipid reference spectrum are displayed in Fig. 3a and b, respectively; The corresponding lipid maps obtained in the 1.7 mm range are shown in Fig. 3c and d, respectively
We investigated the ability of Spectroscopic intravascular photoacoustic imaging (sIVPA) to detect lipids using two wavelengths at 1.2 mm versus the 1.7 mm, in both the lipid containing vessel phantom and a human coronary artery ex vivo
Summary
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death worldwide [1]. In the majority of cases, they are caused by the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and the subsequent release of its thrombogenic content into the bloodstream [2]. The presence of a lipid rich necrotic core is one of the determinants of the susceptibility of a plaque to rupture [3,4]. The identification of necrotic core is a highly coveted imaging target. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in combination with IVUS, can identify the presence but not the amount or location, relative to the lumen, of the lipid core [8,9,10]
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