Abstract
Synaptic plasticity has been considered a key mechanism underlying many brain functions including learning, memory, and drug addiction. An increase or decrease in synaptic activity of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) complex mediates the phenomena as shown in the cellular models of synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation (LTP), and depression (LTD). In particular, protein phosphorylation shares the spotlight in expressing the synaptic plasticity. This review summarizes the studies on phosphorylation of the AMPAR pore-forming subunits and auxiliary proteins including transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs) and discusses its role in synaptic plasticity.
Highlights
Protein phosphorylation is well known to play a pivotal role in the expression of synaptic plasticity, for example, Ca2+ /CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in hippocampal Long-term potentiation (LTP) [1,2,3]
This review gives an overview of the studies on phosphorylation of the amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) pore-forming subunits and auxiliary proteins including transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs) and discusses its role in those plastic cellular phenomena
The AMPAR complex consists of four pore-forming subunits (GluA1–4) and auxiliary proteins including TARP, cornichons-like (CNIH), and cysteine-knot AMPAR modulating protein (CKAMP)/Shisa family in the brain [4,5,6,7,8,9]
Summary
One of the essential features of brain function is the ability to be dynamic in order to express various behaviors. Selective strengthening and weakening of synaptic transmission have been modeled as a critical mechanism for many brain functions including learning, memory, and drug addiction. Protein phosphorylation is well known to play a pivotal role in the expression of synaptic plasticity, for example, Ca2+ /CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in hippocampal LTP [1,2,3]. This review gives an overview of the studies on phosphorylation of the AMPAR pore-forming subunits and auxiliary proteins including transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs) and discusses its role in those plastic cellular phenomena
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