Abstract
ABSTRACT The soils of the Semiarid region of Brazil lack studies regarding sorption processes and availability of phosphorus (P). Therefore, the objective of this work was to quantify the sorption of P in ten soils representative of the Semiarid region of Brazil and correlate them with the soil phosphorus storage capacity. The P concentrations in the equilibrium solutions used to model the sorption isotherms were: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 55, 70, and 80 mg L-1 for the soils Typic Quartzipsamment (Neossolo Quartzarenico), Typic Hapludox (Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo), Typic Hapludult (Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo), Typic Quartzipsamment (Neossolo Flúvico), and Typic Dystrudept (Cambissolo Haplico); and 0, 10, 15, 25, 40, 55, 80, 100, 130, and 150 mg L-1 for the soils Typic Calciudolls (Chernossolo Rendzico), Typic Dystrudept (Cambissolo Haplico), Typic Dystrudept (Cambissolo Haplico), Typic Hapludult (Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo), and Typic Hapludert (Vertissolo Haplico). The Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherms were fitted to non-linear regression models and the values of the model parameters were estimated. The sorption isotherms were adequate to quantify the sorption of P in the soils of the Semiarid region of Brazil, with maximum P sorption capacity varying from 50.4 mg kg-1 to 883.5 mg kg-1. The sorption of P was higher in soils with more clayey textures, alkaline, and rich in iron and calcium, denoting the importance of evaluating the effect of these characteristics on the sorption of P in these soils.
Highlights
The sorption of phosphorus (P) in soils is the main cause of low efficiency of applications of P fertilizers, since most P fertilizers applied are usually sorbed to the soil and a small part are available to plants (NOVAIS; SMITH, 1999)
Several regression models for description and quantifying of P sorption in soils have been used in studies about P sorption processes, and the Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherms stand out among these models (COSTA et al, 2014; HADGU et al, 2014; TAMUNGANG et al, 2016; BRITO NETO et al, 2018)
Little information is found about this process in these soils, such as the studies of Godinho et al (1997), Moreira et al (2006), and Bezerra et al (2013), who evaluated soils in the sates of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) and Ceará (CE)
Summary
The use of Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherms enables the evaluation of effects of several soil characteristics on the sorption of P in soils (SIMS; PIERZYNSKI, 2005). These effects have been found mainly for maximum P sorption capacity (MPSC), clay contents, remaining P (P-rem), iron and aluminum oxide contents, pH, organic matter contents, and exchangeable aluminum contents (HADGU et al, 2014; ALBUQUERQUE et al, 2016; SANTOS et al, 2016; TAMUNGANG et al, 2016; ARRUDA et al, 2017; BRITO NETO et al, 2018; SANTOS et al, 2018; TEIXEIRA; SOUSA; VALE, 2018). The soil MPSC is important to know the soil P drain size and develop interpretation tables for soil analysis and recommend soil P fertilizers, because the higher the MPSC, the higher the recommended P rate
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