Abstract
Rain gardens are not yet a very popular solution in Poland but their number in cities is steadily growing. They are a measure of adaptation of cities to climate change. Rain gardens can be effective in rainwater retention and delaying runoff or groundwater recharge via infiltration. Among the benefits, also rainwater purification function is often suggested. The aim of the study was (1) to analyze potential phosphorus leaching from construction materials sampled from two rain gardens, and (2) to assess the quality of effluent from multi-layered rain garden in container. Results showed that materials commonly used in filling up rain gardens (sand and gravel) can be a significant source of phosphorus in filtered rainwater. Concentration of phosphorus in both, roof runoff and effluent from multi-layerded rain garden, show different patterns in different series. These preliminary studies show the need of continuous monitoring of existing rain gardens, as well as responsible selection of filter materials for newly built ones.
Highlights
Rain gardens, known as bioretention cells, are green infrastructure solution designed to mitigate problems associated with urban stormwater [1]
Mineral substrate sampled from single-layerd rain garden in container is characterised by a significantly lower P content as it was made base on limestone
Rain gardens can be effective in rainwater retention and delaying runoff or groundwater recharge via infiltration
Summary
Known as bioretention cells, are green infrastructure solution designed to mitigate problems associated with urban stormwater [1]. Clasical rain garden is a small depression constructed in residential lawn to temporarily hold and soak rainwater coming from a house roof, driveway or other open area [2]. In Poland, rain gardens are not yet very common. Most of rain gardens in Warsaw are shallow excavations filled with multi-layered substrate (Fig. 1). They are working as an infiltration devices. Other popular construction is a rain garden in container. In this case rainwater is not infiltrated, instead it is discharged into the city stormwater drainage system. Container rain gardens can be a multi-layered or single-layered constructions (Fig. 2-3). Most of Warsaw rain gardens are located close to educational institutions (schools and kindergardens) and receiving rain water from the roofs of buildings
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