Phosphorus fertilization in the implantation of a silvopastoral system: morphogenic and structural characteristics of Mombaça grass

Thais Valéria Souza Silva Pacheco,Weverton Filgueira Pacheco,Luciano Fernandes Sousa,Hiran Marcelo Siqueira Da Silva,Antônio Clementino Dos Santos,José Geraldo Donizetti Dos Santos,Valdinéia Patrícia Dim

doi:10.1590/s1519-99402122012021

Abstract

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of phosphate fertilization on morphogenic and structural characteristics of Mombasa grass under conditions of implantation of silvopastoral system with eucalyptus and monoculture in the Amazon/Cerrado ecotone. The experiment was conducted at UFT-EMVZ during the rainy seasons of the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 agricultural years. The experimental area was subdivided into two cultivation systems, Mombaça grass monoculture, with 0.25 hectare and silvopastoral system, intercropping eucalyptus with Mombaça grass, with 0.75 hectare area. The design used was a 4 x 2 factorial IHD with four doses of phosphorus (0; 50; 100; 200 kg.ha -1 P2O5 year-1) and two cultivation systems (monoculture and silvopastoral) with three repetitions. Three cycles were evaluated for an average rest period of 21 days. Weekly measurements were taken to evaluate structural and morphogenic characteristics of plants. In general, factors tested such as phosphorus fertilization, cultivation system and year (implantation and following year) showed influence, altering the development of Mombaça grass, reflecting on the morphogenic and structural characteristics. Tiller population density, crop growth rate, leaf area index showed interactions between phosphorus fertilization and the cultivation systems analyzed (P <0.05). Phosphorus fertilization used in the implantation, moment of greatest requirement of the plant, influenced forage development by increasing the crop growth rate, leaf appearance, as well as leaf and stem elongation in the two evaluated systems.

Highlights

Phosphorus is found in extremely low concentrations in the vast majority of Brazilian soils including the soils of the Amazon /Cerrado ecotone, especially considering the Quartzarênico Neosol
The goal was to evaluate the effect of phosphorus fertilization on the morphogenic and structural characteristics of Mombaça grass under conditions of implantation of a silvopastoral system with eucalyptus and in monoculture
There was no interaction between phosphorus fertilization and the production system analyzed, only in relation to the variables: (TAPF), (TALF), (TALC), phyllochron and (DVF), with P>0.05 (Table 3)

Summary

Introduction

Phosphorus is found in extremely low concentrations in the vast majority of Brazilian soils including the soils of the Amazon /Cerrado ecotone, especially considering the Quartzarênico Neosol. Ssp's are one of the tools to solve the problem of depletion of natural resources, as these systems have a tree-pasture-animal combination in the same ecosystem. This can result in greater cycling in contrast to the loss of resources (EMBRAPA, 2015). In the Amazon/Cerrado ecotone, studies of tissue flow in pastures by means of morphogenic processes have become an important tool for the evaluation, use and increase in the production of leaves and tillers. The goal was to evaluate the effect of phosphorus fertilization on the morphogenic and structural characteristics of Mombaça grass under conditions of implantation of a silvopastoral system with eucalyptus and in monoculture

Objectives

Methods

Results