Abstract
The increased use of electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking using up to 100% direct reduced iron (DRI) has prompted an interest in better control of phosphorus since iron ore and, consequently, DRI have higher phosphorus and silica compared to scrap. There is limited work reported on slag chemistries corresponding to that in the EAF when DRI is used. In the current research, phosphorus equilibria between molten Fe–P alloys and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5-FeO-MgOsaturated slags were investigated. The results indicate that there is a significant decrease in the phosphorus partition coefficient (LP) as alumina in the slag increases. The observed effect of alumina on the phosphorus partition is probably caused by the decrease in the activities of iron oxide and calcium oxide. Finally, an equilibrium correlation for phosphorus partition as a function of slag composition and temperature has been developed. It includes the effect of alumina and silica and is suitable for both oxygen and electric steelmaking-type slags.
Highlights
IntroductionPhosphorus is typically an undesirable residual element that has to be controlled
Phosphorus is typically an undesirable residual element that has to be controlled.The development of new steel grades for next-generation applications result in ever tightening ranges for many residuals
Initial and final compositions of the metal and slag for the current equilibrium experiments are listed in Tables 1 and 2, respectively
Summary
Phosphorus is typically an undesirable residual element that has to be controlled. The development of new steel grades for next-generation applications result in ever tightening ranges for many residuals. The steel industry is under constant pressure to keep costs down and maintain profitable margins. These opposing trends pressure the steelmakers to further optimize their processes to obtain maximum quality while use less “noble” iron sources. In EAF steelmaking, the use of DRI has been increasing with plants using charges of up to 100%. This source of iron has higher alumina and phosphorus contents than typical scrap and, the impact of these elements must be evaluated with respect to dephosphorization
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