Abstract
AbstractThis review up-dated the structural and functional information of various phospholipase A2 (PLA2) isoforms purified from Asian snake venoms. A phylogenic tree of group I PLA2s was constructed herein based on many recently resolved amino acid sequences of the venom enzymes. It was found that PLA2s of Asian elapid venoms are structurally different from those of sea-snake/Australian elapid venoms, and are usually associated with cardiovascular effect, although exceptions such as β-bungarotoxins do exist. Two types of venom PLA2s appear to be present in the venom of Asiatic viperinae such as Daboia and Echis, one has a N-terminal residue Asn and the other has the residue Ser. In the venom of Asiatic crotalinae, up to four subgroups of PLA2 isoforms are present and each of them is characterized by a distinct substitution at residue 6 (Glu, Asn or Arg) or residue 49 (Asp or Lys) in their sequences. The venom PLA2s in each of the subgroup show more or less functional similarity specific for the subgroup:...
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