Phospholipase A 2 inhibitors regulate the proliferation of normal uterine cells

Abstract

The effects of inhibitors of phospholipase A 2, cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 activity on the proliferation of normal rat uterine stromal cells (U III) were studied. At non-cytotoxic doses, inhibitors of cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 activity had no effect; U III cells did not lose their ability to synthesize and secrete arachidonic acid metabolites, mainly prostaglandin I 2 and prostaglandin E 2, after successive passages. Inhibition of prostaglandin production did not affect their proliferation. In contract, phospholipase A 2 inhibitors significantly reduced U III cell proliferation in a reversible and dose-dependent manner. Aristolochic acid was the most potent inhibitor withan C 50 of 0.3 μmol/l on day 7 of culture. Moreover, low doses of arachidonic acid stimulated U III cell proliferation. Thus, the proliferation of normal uterine stromal cells appears to be independent of arachidonic acid oxygenated metabolites, contrary to what is observed in tumor cells, but requires an intact phospholipase A 2 pathway.