Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor-induced Osteomalacia Masquerading as an Orthopedic Polytrauma Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Abstract

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is a rare benign tumor (500 cases to date) that can present in combination with a paraneoplastic syndrome called tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO). To the best of our knowledge, it is the first case to date that presented as an orthopedic trauma patient. This is a case of a 61-year-old male who initially presented as a polytrauma patient, but further investigation revealed a PMT causing TIO. This report describes his initial diagnosis and management from 2015 to 2021. TIO resultant of PMT may lead to severe bone pain, impending fractures, and delayed or misdiagnosis. This case demonstrates the importance of careful diagnosis and a team-based approach to managing PMT and its sequelae.