Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria: A Promising Approach For Improving Phosphorus In Agricultural Soils

Abstract

One of the most crucial elements for crop growth and advancement is phosphorus (P), a key macronutrient in soil. Plant yields are decreased as a result of the P shortage caused by the insolubility of P resources in the soil. Fertilisers containing phosphate are widely used to remedy soil P deficiency. P deficiency in soils is caused by a decrease in the overall P content of the soil as well as the fixation of extra P from chemical fertilisers and other organic sources, such as manures. Even in the presence of an acceptable level of P stress, plants don't react very significantly. P's availability is primarily constrained by its solubilization because P is fixed in both acidic and alkaline soils. These PSMs' capability to solubilize P varies and is mostly influenced by the solubilization process employed, their molecular makeup, and their ability to release P in soil. A healthy way to alleviate the P deficiency in the soil is to employ PSMs as biofertilizers. The investigation of efficient PSM cultivars for use as biofertilizers is one of the key focus areas for improving agricultural productivity by reducing P scarcity. The goal of this review was to understand the ecology and diversity of PSMs, how P is soluble, and how PSMs are used as biofertilizers.