Abstract
Fungal endophytes are fungi that lives within plant tissues without causing apparent disease. It is also suggested that these fungi have ability to enhance plant growth and plant resistancy against pest and disease. This research is a preliminary study about root fungal endophytes in dipterocarp since there are lack research concerning about this study focus. We examined root fungal endophyte isolated from seedling of Shorea leprosula and Shorea selanica taken from Dramaga Experimental Forest, Bogor. Furthermore, we also tried to find out the fungal potential ability to solubilize phosphate and suppres fungal pathogen by in vitro assay. Surface sterilization method was used to isolated fungal endophytes from root tissues. Trichoderma spirale, Velsalceae sp., Melanconiela ellisii, Chaetosphaeria callimorpha, and Trichoderma asperellum were isolated during this study. These fungi appear to have specific association between fungal species and host plant, but no evidence of fungal order-level specificiation in S. leprosula and S. selanica. In vitro test also suggested that root fungal endophyte Trichoderma spirale and Melanconiella elisii have potential ability to solubilize inorganic phosphate. In addition, this result also present that root fungal endophyte T. spirale and T. asperellum have the potential to inhibit pathogen fungi Fusarium sp.
Highlights
Plants have interaction with soil organism (Das & Varma 2009)
Study of endophyte in dipterocarp tree was done by Orachaipunlap et al (2008) and Pragathi et al (2013), but this study focuses on foliar endophyte
The presence of root endophytic fungi in S. leprosula and S. selanica was indicated by mycelia growth from the tip of sterilized root segment
Summary
Plants have interaction with soil organism (Das & Varma 2009). Studies have shown that interaction between plants and microorganism positively affect plant growth, plant health, increasing plant biomass, alter plant adaptation through stress condition, and etc (Bonkowski et al 2000; Hrynkiewicz & Baum 2011). In forest tree, the interaction between trees and mycorrhiza is well studied. Study about the interaction in forest trees and fungal endophyte in tropical region are less known. Some research reveal fungal endophytes advantages such as: increase uptake of N from soil and plant biomass (Jumponnen et al 2001), enhance plant resistance against plant pathogen (Miller et al 2002), producing secondary metabolite which has potential ability as a new bioresources for pharmaceutical and agricultural needs (Surnayaran et al 2002). Many studied focused on establishment of dipterocarp tree including the interaction of dipterocarp tree with microorganisms. Other research results reveal that dipterocarp trees have interaction with plant growth promoting bacteria (Sitepu et al 2007). There is still inadequate information about interaction between dipterocarp trees and fungal endophytes. Study of endophyte in dipterocarp tree was done by Orachaipunlap et al (2008) and Pragathi et al (2013), but this study focuses on foliar endophyte
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