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Abstract
Pseudocapitor materials, usually metal oxides, are used as active materials in an electrode to achieve high energy density. However, these kinds of materials often suffer from poor conductivity and high cost. Herein, a phosphate ion-modified RuO2/Ti3C2 composite is prepared via a chemical solution synthesis followed by an annealing process. In this composite material, Ti3C2 layers are introduced to improve the conductivity and the binary material is doped with phosphate ions into to increase the number of active reaction sites. As a result, the phosphate ion-modified RuO2/Ti3C2 delivers a high specific capacitance of 612.72 F g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1 in H2SO4 electrolyte. What is more, the capacitance of the phosphate ion-modified RuO2/Ti3C2 can retain 97.95% (600.14 F g−1) of the original value even after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 2 A g−1.
Highlights
With the rapid development of electronic products, supercapacitors have attracted much effort in recent years owing to their merits of a quick charge–discharge process, high power density and long cycle lifetime [1,2,3,4,5]
Supercapacitors can be divided into two categories based on their energy storage mechanisms: electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) based on the electrostatic charge accumulated at the electrode/electrolyte interface and pseudo-capacitors based on the reversible faradaic processes [4,6,7,8,9]
The resulting PRT composite combines the advantages of Ti3C2, RuO2 and phosphate ion modification
Summary
With the rapid development of electronic products, supercapacitors have attracted much effort in recent years owing to their merits of a quick charge–discharge process, high power density and long cycle lifetime [1,2,3,4,5]. Supercapacitors can be divided into two categories based on their energy storage mechanisms: electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) based on the electrostatic charge accumulated at the electrode/electrolyte interface and pseudo-capacitors based on the reversible faradaic processes [4,6,7,8,9]. The main issue of RuO2 against its application as a pseudo-capacitive material lies in its particle aggregation, which may lead to compromised electrochemical performance [25,28,29]. The combination of RuO2 with carbon materials has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy to address this issue. Shen et al prepared a RuO2 nanodots/reduced graphene oxide composite as a pseudocapacitive material which demonstrated improved cycling stability due to the layered structure of the ultrathin carbon sheets [30]. The composites exhibited a specific capacitance of 460 F g−1 and excellent rate capability [25]
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