Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (P(Bu) 2)-treated human blood mononuclear cells bind to each other

Abstract

Treatment of human blood mononuclear cells with nanomolar concentrations of phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (P(Bu) 2) induced their aggregation. The phenomenon was seen within a few minutes and reached its maximum manifestation after 20 min. At this time, 20–30% of unfractionated and nylon wool-passed mononuclear leukocytes were in the aggregates. The influence of pretreatment with 2-deoxyglucose, NaN 3, EDTA, cyclohexamide, or incubation at 4 °C on the phenomenon indicated that it is energy and temperature dependent, requires the presence of extracellular divalent cations, and is independent of protein synthesis. Nonaggregating 2-deoxyglucose- and NaN 3-pretreated cells could still bind [ 3H]P(Bu) 2 which rules out the possibility that the phorbol ester molecule acts as a bridge between the aggregated cells. Seventeen percent of the P(Bu) 2-treated T-cell population bound untreated autologous and allogeneic cells. The binding property has a certain species specificity because only 4% of the cells interacted with mouse lymphocytes. At the ultrastructural level, the intercellular binding showed broad areas of surface contact (both between lymphocytes and lymphocyte-monocyte) and “trapping” by surface processes was not seen. Aggregated cells did not show cytopathogenic changes.