Phomopsidione nanoparticles coated contact lenses reduce microbial keratitis causing pathogens

Abstract

Microbial keratitis is the infection caused by pathogenic microorganisms that commonly occurs among the contact lens users. Various antimicrobial compounds were coated on contact lenses to kill keratitis causing microorganisms, however these compounds caused several adverse side effects. Hence, the aim of this study is to develop a silicone hydrogel contact lens coated with phomopsidione nanoparticle that inhibit keratitis causing clinical isolates. Phomopsidione nanoparticles were synthesized using polyvinyl alcohol as encapsulant. The nanoparticles showed an average size of 77.45 nm, with neutral surface charge. Two drug release patterns were observed in the drug release profile, which are the initial slow release phase with extended drug release (release rate 46.65 μg/h), and the burst release phase observed on Day 2 (release rate 2224.49 μg/h). This well-regulated drug delivery system enables the control of drug release to meet the therapeutic requirements. On agar diffusion assay, 3 out of 5 test microorganisms were inhibited by phomopsidione nanoparticle coated contact lenses, including two Gram negative bacteria. Besides, all test microorganisms showed at least 99% of growth reduction, with the treatment of the contact lens model. The drug loaded onto the nanoparticles is sufficient to prevent the bacterial growth. In conclusion, this study provides an effective alternative to combat keratitis-causing microorganisms among contact wearers.