Phoenix roebelenii O'Brien DNA profiling, bioactive constituents, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities

Abstract

ObjectiveTo authenticate Phoenix roebelenii O'Brien, and investigate its leaves and fruits phytoconstituents, antioxidant, hepatotoxicity and hepatoprotective activities. MethodsDNA profiling was carried out by random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR). Total phenolic contents were estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu method. Chromatographic and spectral techniques were used for the phytochemical investigation. Petroleum ether extracts were investigated using GC-MS. Antioxidant activity was assayed by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method. Hepatotoxicity and hepatoprotective assessments were achieved by neutral red assay. ResultsTotal phenolic contents of leaves and fruits were estimated as being 64.3 and 7.88 μg gallic acid equivalent/mg, respectively. Ten compounds were isolated for the first time from the aqueous methanol extract of leaves: apigenin 6, 8-di-C-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-glucopyranoside, luteolin 3′-O-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin, apigenin, luteolin, baicalein and p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic and caffeic acids. Major lipophilic constituents of petroleum ether leaves extracts are ricinoleic acid (51.12%) and phytol (10.64%), while those of fruits are linolelaidic acid (33.61%) and n-octadecanol (9.04%). Aqueous methanol and petroleum ether extracts of leaves and fruits exhibited antioxidant activity at IC50 (60.25 and 51.70 μg/mL) and (6.3 and 21.0 μg/mL), respectively. The extracts hepatotoxicity is at IC50 > 1 000 μg/ml. Leaves and fruits petroleum ether extracts exhibited prominent heptoprotective activity > 12.5 and 15 μg/mL, respectively. ConclusionsThe palm may be a new potential source as a natural hepatoprotective to be applied in pharmaceutical industries.