Abstract
The deterioration of bone formation is a leading cause of age-related bone disorders. Lack of bone formation is induced by decreased osteoblastogenesis. In this study, osteoblastogenesis promoting effects of algal phlorotannin, phlorofucofuroeckol A (PFF-A), were evaluated. PFF-A was isolated from brown alga Ecklonia cava. The ability of PFF-A to enhance osteoblast differentiation was observed in murine pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (huBM-MSCs). Proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteoblasts during differentiation was assayed following PFF-A treatment along extracellular mineralization. In addition, effect of PFF-A on osteoblast maturation pathways such as Runx2 and Smads was analyzed. Treatment of PFF-A was able to enhance the proliferation of differentiating osteoblasts. Also, ALP activity was observed to be increased. Osteoblasts showed increased extracellular mineralization, observed by Alizarin Red staining, following PFF-A treatment. In addition, expression levels of critical proteins in osteoblastogenesis such as ALP, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), osteocalcin and β-catenin were stimulated after the introduction of PFF-A. In conclusion, PFF-A was suggested to be a potential natural product with osteoblastogenesis enhancing effects which can be utilized against bone-remodeling imbalances and osteoporosis-related complications.
Highlights
Prevalence of bone related complications is steadily increasing while osteoporosis and linked syndromes are causing low life quality and mortality for more of today’s elder population compared to the previous decade [1,2]
Regulation of bone remodeling is a highly critical process for a healthy bone metabolism, and any disorders of boneof mass is remodeling linked with variety diseasesfor such as arthritis, growth and Regulation bone is a highly criticalofprocess a healthy bonetumor metabolism, and osteoporosis
As the bone formation during the remodeling is dependent on the osteogenic any disorders of bone mass is linked with variety of diseases such as arthritis, tumor differentiation in bone tissue, controlling osteoblastogenesis is the an important target to prevent growth and osteoporosis
Summary
Prevalence of bone related complications is steadily increasing while osteoporosis and linked syndromes are causing low life quality and mortality for more of today’s elder population compared to the previous decade [1,2]. Among these complications, osteoporosis is one of the most commonly seen bone disorders and is characterized by bone formation imbalance. Osteoporosis is being treated via different approaches, including but not limited to synthetic and natural-origin drugs which are targeting different mechanisms involved in bone formation [3,4,5]. The stimulation of osteoblast formation is one of the main approaches to treat bone mass imbalance [6]
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