Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:to determine the incidence rate and risk factors for the nursing-sensitive indicators phlebitis and infiltration in patients with peripheral venous catheters (PVCs). Method:cohort study with 110 patients. Scales were used to assess and document phlebitis and infiltration. Socio-demographic variables, clinical variables related to the PVC, medication and hospitalization variables were collected. Descriptive and inferential analysis and multivariate logistic models were used. Results:the incidence rate of phlebitis and infiltration was respectively 43.2 and 59.7 per 1000 catheter-days. Most PVCs with these vascular traumas were removed in the first 24 hours. Risk factors for phlebitis were: length of hospital stay (p=0.042) and number of catheters inserted (p<0.001); risk factors for infiltration were: piperacillin/tazobactan (p=0.024) and the number of catheters inserted (p<0.001). Conclusion:the investigation documented the incidence of nursing-sensitive indicators (phlebitis and infiltration) and revealed new risk factors related to infiltration. It also allowed a reflection on the nursing care necessary to prevent these vascular traumas and on the indications and contraindications of the PVC, supporting the implementation of the PICC as an alternative to PVC.
Highlights
Nursing care at the hospital is essential for health prevention and promotion, patient safety and restoration of health and well-being
Evidence shows that 58.7% to 86.7% of patients have a venous catheter inserted during their hospitalization, so peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) are a significant portion of the care delivered by nurses[3,4,5]
A descriptive cohort study was carried out in the medical clinic of a hospital in the central region of Portugal. The choice for this unit was based on the results of nursing-sensitive indicators, namely the incidence of phlebitis (43.8%) and infiltration (13%), evidenced in this unit in 2012(14) and on the need to evaluate these results over time
Summary
Nursing care at the hospital is essential for health prevention and promotion, patient safety and restoration of health and well-being. This includes care related to the insertion of peripheral venous catheters (PVCs), and their maintenance and monitoring[1,2]. PVCs have become an indispensable resource for hospital care, necessary for intravenous administration of medications, solutions, blood components, parenteral nutrition and for diagnostic purposes[4,6,7]. These devices are not free of complications. Several studies have documented a high incidence of peripheral vascular trauma associated with the use of PVCs, including phlebitis and infiltration[7,8,9,10,11]
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