Abstract
This chapter examines the various ways in which the philosophical foundations of construct validity theory (CVT) have been characterized by scholars of testing and psychological measurement. Works falling into one of three general orientations—positivist, realist, and positivist–realist mixtures—are summarized and contrasted. An effort is also made to discern from Cronbach’s and Meehl’s individual post–CVT writings the respective philosophical stances regarding constructs and construct validation of the two most celebrated creators of CVT. The chapter concludes with an exploration of a number of possible explanations for the inconsistencies that appear in the literature with respect to how the philosophical roots of CVT have been characterized.
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