Abstract
Chapter 7 presents a more careful examination of the natural order, focusing upon both the natural world that comprises the “sublunar” sphere (viz., the space between the earth and the moon) and the heavenly bodies that comprise the “superlunar” (above the moon). In the sublunary world, it is necessary to focus upon those features of the natural order, including in particular time, place, and void. The chapter discusses the rival cosmologies of Aristotle and Ptolemy; the Greek and secular antecedents; astrology in the Jewish world; and the astrological determinism with reference to Ibn Ezra, Maimonides, and Gersonides. Finally, serious note must be taken of those events that, contravening the natural order, fall into the general category of miraculous. How, in a cosmology ruled by law and order, can miracles be explained?
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