Abstract
Significance The law would replace the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) with a Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao with greater governing power and fiscal resources. President Rodrigo Duterte's government is campaigning for a 'yes' vote. A challenge to the BOL is before the Supreme Court. Impacts Violent attacks by opponents to the new region's creation are likely before and after the plebiscites. The failure to pass a 2019 budget could financially affect the plebiscite. A strong vote in favour of Bangsamoro could boost foreign direct investment into Mindanao. Duterte's push for a federal Philippines will be increasingly disassociated from the process of establishing Bangsamoro.
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