Abstract
ABSTRACT Rare or opportunistic fungal infections are mostly described in immunosuppressed patients. We present a case of a cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis that developed on the dorsal foot in an immunosuppressed woman suffering from AIDS, caused by a novel Phialemoniopsis species. It clinically presented as an indurated violaceous plaque, surmounted by nodules exuding a sero-purulent discharge. A filamentous fungus was isolated from pus and cutaneous biopsy. ITS and LSU sequences phylogenetically resolved the fungus as an unknown species of Phialemoniopsis, which is an unresolved family within Sordariomycetes. In this study we describe the new species as Phialemoniopsis limonesiae, which clusters on a single branch clearly separated from its closest phylogenetic neighbours. This new strain showed low MIC to itraconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole.
Highlights
Up to 2000 fungal species are being newly described each year [1], several of which are associated with human infections
We present a case of a cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis that developed on the dorsal foot in an immunosuppressed woman suffering from AIDS, caused by a novel Phialemoniopsis species
In this study we describe the new species as Phialemoniopsis limonesiae, which clusters on a single branch clearly separated from its closest phylogenetic neighbours
Summary
Up to 2000 fungal species are being newly described each year [1], several of which are associated with human infections. The genus Phialemoniopsis (Sordariomycetes) presently contains six species, four of which have been isolated from human fluids, skin or nails [2]. Since the introduction of Phialemoniopsis in 2013 [2], a further two species have been added, namely P. hongkonensis, from a nodule on a human forearm [3], and P. endophytica, the only species far isolated from plants [4]. Phialemoniopsis, which is a genus of dematiaceous hyphomycetes, can be distinguished from Phialemonium by having phialides and adelophialides with collarettes, and the development of sporodochium- or pycnidium-like conidiomata, which are both absent in Phialemonium s. We report a case of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in an immunosupressed woman caused by a novel Phialemoniopsis species described here as P. limonesiae.
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