Abstract
Soybean is often damaged by hypoxia caused by waterlogging at the seedling stage. Hypoxia severely inhibits root development and retards plant growth. We aimed to clarify phenotypic variation in root development under hypoxia condition at the seedling stage using diverse soybean accessions. Root development in 162 accessions was evaluated in hydroponic culture. Substantial changes under hypoxia were investigated by means of WinRHIZO analysis before and after the treatment. We found significant phenotypic variation in hypoxia tolerance in root among the 162 accessions. A principal components analysis indicated an association between hypoxia tolerance and the country of origin. We found three new accessions which have a high ability to develop roots under hypoxia (Kokubu 7, Maetsue zairai 90B, and Yahagi). Root development in selected accessions was also evaluated in soil culture. Root development levels in hydroponic and soil culture were significantly correlated. These results will provide important information on waterlogging damage in regions where waterlogging occurs. The three accessions with hypoxia-tolerant roots might be useful for genetic improvement of waterlogging tolerance of modern soybean varieties.
Highlights
Waterlogging is a major environmental stress for soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
in total root length (IRL), in total root surface area (IRSA), and in total root volume (IRV) in plants grown under hypoxia from 6 to 13 days after sowing (DAS) were significantly lower than the corresponding values under normoxia
change in average root diameter (CARD) was negative under normoxia but positive under hypoxia
Summary
Soybean is often grown in fields converted from paddy rice or undrained lowlands in parts of monsoon Asia (Kokubun, 2013) such as Japan (Githiri et al, 2006), Viet Nam (Loc et al, 2015), and Indonesia (Ghulamahdi et al, 2016), as well as in other parts of the world, such as the Mississippi Delta of the U.S.A (Linkemer et al, 1998; VanToai et al, 2010) and the lowlands of Brazil’s Rio Grande (Pedó et al, 2015) In such areas, soil becomes waterlogged after rainfall. Grain yield is severely reduced by waterlogging stress at different growth stages (Linkemer et al, 1998; Oosterhuis et al, 1990; Rhine et al, 2010; Sullivan et al, 2001)
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