Abstract
A study was conducted under irrigation during dry season at the Katsina State Irrigation Site, Ajiwa. The aim of the experiment was to enhance the productivity of garlic through the choice of appropriate levels of nitrogenous fertilizer and suitable cultivar which maximizes yield. The experiment consisted of two varieties (ex-kofa and ex-sokoto) and four levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, and 150 kgN/ha). They were arranged in a randomized complete block design in three replications. The variety ex-sokoto was found superior to ex-kofa with respect to plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and days to maturity, number of bulbs, bulb diameter, bulb weight, and number of cloves per bulb, cloves weight per bulb, and fresh and cured bulb yield. Application of 50 kgN/ha significantly increased plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf area, number of bulbs, and the total yield of the garlic. Significant effects of interaction between variety and nitrogen on leaf area and number of cloves per bulb of the garlic were observed. The combination of ex-sokoto variety and 50 kgN/ha was found to increase garlic yield. Maximum growth and yield could be realized using a combination of ex-sokoto variety and 50 kgN/ha at Ajiwa.
Highlights
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) belongs to the family Alliaceae
The site is approximately located at 13∘01N and 7∘41E and 619 m above sea level in the Sudan savannah ecological zone of Nigeria [26]
The variety ex-sokoto consistently produced taller plants and grew more leaves with greater leaf area compared to ex-kofa
Summary
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) belongs to the family Alliaceae. It is the second most widely used among cultivated alliums after onion (Allium cepa). The crop consists of an underground bulb and above the ground vegetative part which consists of the leaves and flowers. Garlic is a cold weather perennial crop with high nutrient and water requirement [2]. The crop is grown under both rain-fed and irrigated conditions. It gives good result when grown on fertile well-drained and sand or silt-loam soils, with good moisture retaining properties. Garlic nitrogen requirement is 5% N, 4% N, and 3% N at prebulbing, bulbing, and postbulbing stages, respectively [4], and it is considered deficient in nitrogen with 4% N, 3% N, and 2% N at early season, midseason, and late season, respectively [4]
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