Phenotypic Diversity of Pea Genotypes (Pisum sativum L.) Based on Multivariate Analysis

Abstract

The present study was conducted to identify the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence among fifty five genotypes based on phenotypical traits using the multivariate analysis. Based on cluster analysis, the genotypes were best fitted into six clusters. The maximum and minimum genotypes grouped in cluster III (14) and minimum were in Cluster IV (4) respectively. The maximum intra-cluster distance was shown by cluster I (D2 2.543) indicating maximum difference among the genotypes within and the minimum value was shown by cluster II (D2 =1.827). Maximum value of inter-cluster distance (D2=6.471) was recorded between cluster I and cluster IV revealing that the genotypes of these clusters were highly diverse from others and can be used as divergent parents for hybridization and selection. Thus, for getting high heterosis for recovering transgressive segregants, genotypes from cluster I and IV can be used as distant parents in any breeding programme for successful pea improvement. The Optimum number of K-means clusters formed were four. The result of PCA revealed that all the four principal components (PC-I, PC-II, PC-III and PC-IV) contributed 86.7% of the total variability. The results of present study could be exploited in the future genetic improvement programme of pea genotypes in Uttar Pradesh region.