Abstract
Stem cells are known as undifferentiated cells that are capable of divisions and self-renewal over an extended period. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are known to differentiate into many different organ and tissue cells. The purpose of this study was to characterize adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in detail based on the expression status of certain surface markers and differentiation stages for clinical and laboratory applications. The migrating phase and mitotic property of the cells from adipose tissue were assessed under a microscope. Cell counting was performed during the first, second, and third passages. The cells were differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. Stem cells were characterized by immunostaining of CD90, CD105, CD11b, and CD45 surface markers. ADSC growth kinetics were determined at the first, second, and third passages. In conclusion, ADSCs were reported in detail here based on surface markers and differentiation potentials, growth curves, and population doubling times during the first, second, and third passages.
Highlights
Isolation techniques for adipose cells from rat tissue were pioneered by Rodbell in the 1960s [1]
Cell numbers of Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) isolated from 1.5 g of adipose tissue were 8 × 106, 30 × 106, and 22 × 106 at passage 1 (P1), passage 2 (P2), and passage 3 (P3), respectively (Table 1)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are not subjected to the same constraints as embryonic stem cells and ADSCs can be noninvasively obtained from adipose tissue [6,7,8]
Summary
Isolation techniques for adipose cells from rat tissue were pioneered by Rodbell in the 1960s [1]. The isolation procedure for stem cells from adipose tissue is relatively less invasive compared to that for bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [3]. The International Society of Cellular Therapy (ISCT) defined that MSCs must be able to be differentiated into at least three lineages (osteoblast, chondroblast, and adipocyte cells). They must have the capacity to attach to plastic surfaces for in vitro cultivation [4]. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are characterized by the expression of certain stem cell surface markers such as CD105, CD90, CD73, and CD44 and the lack of CD45, CD34, CD14, and CD11b expression. ADSCs have some advantages over other multipotent stem cell types, including accessibility to fat tissue and faster proliferation capability [5,6]
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