Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Two Pinellia ternata Varieties T2 line and T2Plus line

Jun Lu,Jun Lu,Jing Han,Gregory Joseph Duns,Leilei Jin,Jian Ning Liu,Surendra Sarsaiya,Jishuang Chen,Jishuang Chen

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61512-2

Jun Lu, Jun Lu + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61512-2

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Abstract

Pinellia (Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit.), as important medicinal plant, has been used to treat various ailments for a long time. The sixteen ploid plant (2n = 16 * 13 = 208) Pinellia T2Plus line was obtained from an octoploid (2n = 8 * 13 = 104) T2 line by chromosome-doubling technique. Compared with T2 line, the content of various medicinal components (polysaccharide, guanosine, adenosine and ephedrine) was increased in T2Plus line. In this study, the transcriptome of T2 line and T2Plus line were characterized by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment analysis on differential expressed unigenes (DEGs) revealed that multiple metabolic pathway were enriched significantly, such as ‘Starch and sucrose metabolism’, ‘Purine metabolism’, ‘Photosynthesis’ and six transcription factors (MYB, WRKY, bHLH, lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD), homeodomain-zipper (HD-ZIP) and Ethylene-responsive factor (ERF)) play a key role in difference of transcriptome between T2 line and T2Plus line. These metabolic pathways and transcription factors may play an important role in the difference of medicinal components and epigenetic features between these two Pinellia cultivars. This conclusion provides a robust theoretical basis for the mechanism of the formation of medicinal ingredients in Pinellia cultivars.

Highlights

Pinellia (Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit.), mainly distributed in Eastern Asia, has been used to treat various ailments for a long time, such as vomiting, inflammation, cough, epilepsy, cervical cancer and traumatic injury, etc[1]
Based on the high-quality T2 seedlings, the sixteen ploid Pinellia T2Plus line was obtained by using a chromosome-doubling technique
The T2 line, as a single plant Shandong Heze peach leaf Banxia 2 (T2), is an octoploid line existing in nature (2n = 8 * 13 = 104), the T2Plus line, as a sixteen times body (2n = 16 * 13 = 208) that does not exist in nature, has high research value

Summary

Introduction

Pinellia (Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit.), mainly distributed in Eastern Asia, has been used to treat various ailments for a long time, such as vomiting, inflammation, cough, epilepsy, cervical cancer and traumatic injury, etc[1]. Genomic polyploidization produce new phenotypic traits, and stronger environmental/stress adaptation, thereby enabling diversification and speciation and driving the evolution and divergence in gene function and plant behavior[7]. The yield of polyploid plants is generally increased. Polyploid sugar beet is provided with the characteristics of nutrient growth, high root yield and high sugar content[13]. Induced plant polyploids showing excellent traits have been widely used in agriculture, providing abundant germplasm resources for agricultural production[14,15,16,17,18]. The apparent characteristics of plants are closely related to the expression of genes in vivo. In T2Plus line, many genes and transcription factors related to multiple metabolic pathways were expressed up-regulated significantly. Indicate that these up-regulated genes and transcription factors may be involved in the bio-synthesis of medicinal ingredients

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