Abstract
Psychotria nuda is a tree native to Brazil, occurring in the Dense Ombrophylous Forest, which has massive flowering and fruiting, attracting many pollinators and dispersers. This study aimed to know the phenophases of P. nuda and its pollinators, relating them to environmental factors on a temporal scale, with emphasis on flowering, as well as the diversity of pollinators and their phenology. The study area comprises a remnant of forest located in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Phenological and pollination observations were performed fortnightly, from July/2016 to July/2017. The results indicated that the peak of senescent leaves, budding, flowering and mature fruits coincided with the hottest and rainy months of the year. Immature fruits persisted almost year-round. There was a low synchrony of phenological activity in the population. Thirteen species of pollinators were recorded, with eight new interactions for P. nuda . The entomophilic syndrome was preponderant, but the pollinator species do not have the same temporal pattern of visitation. It is concluded that P. nuda has shared pollination, predominantly entomophilic, variation of intrapopulational phenological activity and constitutes an important resource for the ornitofauna and entomofauna in the Atlantic Forest since its pollinators use their resources in a non-uniform way. Keywords: phenological activity, entomophilia, dense ombrophillous forest, animal-plant interaction.
Highlights
Psychotria nuda é uma árvore nativa do Brasil, ocorrente na Floresta Ombrófila Densa, que possui floração e frutificação maciças, atraindo muitos polinizadores e dispersores
Este estudo objetivou conhecer as fenofases de P. nuda e seus polinizadores, relacionando-os com os fatores ambientais em escala temporal, com ênfase à floração, assim como com a diversidade de polinizadores e sua fenologia
This study aimed to know the phenophases of P. nuda and its pollinators, relating them to environmental factors on a temporal scale, with emphasis on flowering, as well as the diversity of pollinators and their phenology
Summary
A área de estudo compreende um remanescente urbano de Floresta Atlântica pertencente à formação Floresta Ombrófila Densa de Terras Baixas, localizado no Jardim Botânico da Universidade da Região de Joinville, região nordeste do estado de Santa Catarina (26°15’12”S e 48°51’26”W, Figura 1). Possui área de 13 ha de formação secundária em estágio médio de regeneração, cortado por diversas trilhas (Arriola e Melo Junior, 2017). A temperatura média anual é de 22,18oC, sendo janeiro o. Carolina Lopes Ribeiro, João Carlos Ferreira de Melo Jr, Denise Monique Dubet da Silva Mouga, Eduardo Carneiro mês mais quente com temperatura média de 26,15oC, e junho o mês mais frio com temperatura média de 16,5oC. A precipitação média anual é de 2.132 mm, sendo janeiro o mês mais chuvoso, com 313 mm. A umidade relativa do ar gira em torno de 79,04% (IPPUJ, 2016)
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