Phenological, physicochemical, and productive characteristics of 'Vênus' grapevine onto rootstocks

Marco Antonio Tecchio,Sarita Leonel,Ana Paula Maia Paiva,Marlon Jocimar Rodrigues Da Silva,Mara Fernandes Moura,Erasmo José Paioli Pires,Maurilo Monteiro Terra

doi:10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00335

Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenological characteristics and yield of 'Vênus' grapevine (Vitis labrusca) grafted onto different rootstocks, as well the physicochemical traits of its grapes during the 2013, 2014, and 2015 crop seasons. The evaluated rootstocks were 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313' and 'IAC 571-6'. The length of the main phenological stages of the grapevine and its thermal demands were assessed during two growing seasons and expressed as days after pruning and degree-day sum, respectively. Grapevine yield and berry physicochemical characteristics were assessed during three crop seasons. 'Vênus' phenological cycle and thermal demands, as well as the chemical characteristics of its grapes, varied with the climate conditions during the crop seasons. Low temperatures increased the grapevine cycle, and higher rainfall indices caused a decrease in the soluble solids of berries, as well as an increase in their titratable acidity. The 'IAC 766' and 'IAC 571-6' rootstocks promote a greater precocity to 'Venus' grapevines, and 'IAC 572' promotes a higher grapevine yield and better physicochemical characteristics of 'Vênus' grapes.

Highlights

Brazil’s grape production in 2016 was about 973 thousand metric tonnes, most of which from Rio Grande do Sul state that is responsible for 42.5% of the yield
There was a significant interaction between the rootstocks and the growing seasons for all phenological stages and degree-day summation of 'Vênus' grapevine (Table 1)
The same phenological stage occurred at 12.9 days after pruning (DAP) with 'IAC 766' and 'IAC 571-6'

Summary

Introduction

Brazil’s grape production in 2016 was about 973 thousand metric tonnes, most of which from Rio Grande do Sul state that is responsible for 42.5% of the yield. State São Paulo state produced around 144 thousand metric tonnes of the fruit, reaching the third position in the national scenario, standing out as the second biggest table grape producer (Levantamento..., 2017). The northwestern of São Paulo state stands out as an important area of grape production in Brazil, from Vitis vinifera species. An expressive increment was verified in nonvinifera table grapes (Vitis labrusca and hybrids) in this region, regarding the period from 2008 to 2015 (IEA, 2017). 'Vênus' is more robust and has a lower-labor cost compared to Vitis vinifera table grapes, and has a growing period between 90 to 100 days, making it possible to have two annual harvests

Objectives

Methods

Results