Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenology of the babassu (Attalea speciosa Mart ex Spreng.), aiming to subsidize information for non - timber management of the species in pasture area. For 48 months, the phenological patterns of babassu were studied, relating them to meteorological variables such as monthly average temperature, monthly total precipitation, relative humidity of the medium air and photoperiod. A total of 130 adult palm trees from natural regeneration were monitored in a pasture in the municipality of Ji-Paraná, RO, from January 2012 to December 2015. The data were analyzed by means of the activity indexes, the relation of the phenophases and meteorological variables by means of Pearson correlation. The population synchrony index was also evaluated. During the study, the population of Attalea speciosa showed flowering asynchronously in the population. In the process of formation and maturation of the fruits of the babassu, it was possible to observe that the time of total development of the fruits was in average 254 days. In young infructescence, the most influential climatic factors were temperature and photoperiod. In the green infructescence, climatic factors such as precipitation, relative humidity and photoperiod influenced negatively. The presence of mature infructescence occurred throughout the year, with the highest intensities in the month of November, and its activity related to the increase in temperature and duration of days. Phenological monitoring of babassu allowed to identify the intensity and predictability of reproductive events, thus enabling information to be provided to the plans for the sustainable exploitation of the species in pasture in the municipality of Ji-Paraná.
Highlights
In Rondônia the beef cattle and milk is expressive, with more than 63 thousand properties involved in the extensive ranching (IBGE, 2012)
The phenological cycle of the babassu presented a overlap of the phases of the young and green infructescences in the evaluated years
Flowering The lack of synchronism of the phenophase verified in this study was observed by Mendonça et al
Summary
In Rondônia the beef cattle and milk is expressive, with more than 63 thousand properties involved in the extensive ranching (IBGE, 2012). This activity, on present days, is under preassure to adjust to modern patterns of socio-environmental, sanitary and economical output (SILVA; BARRETO, 2014). This study enables to gather nformation about the period of growth and reproduction of the plants. It is regulated by its edogenous characteristics to variations of the climate, not to mention abiotic and biotic factors, which are factors of selective preassure to the development of phenological patterns (SANTOS; FERREIRA, 2013)
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