Phenolics, antioxidants and color properties of aqueous pigmented plant extracts: Ardisia colorata var. elliptica, Clitoria ternatea, Garcinia mangostana and Syzygium cumini

Abstract

Plants have been an exemplary source of antioxidant and colorants. The purposes of this study were to determine the phenolic compositions, antioxidant and color properties of the selected pigmented plants. The highest concentration of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, epicatechin, catechin and cyanidin 3-sophoroside were found in Garcinia mangostana. G. mangostana showed significantly higher (p<0.05) value of oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacities (20.18µmol trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/g, 75.37mM TEAC/g, 7.57µM TEAC/g and EC50=0.35mg/mL respectively) as compared to the other samples. The highest value of color density (1.69 absorbance unit (AU)), indices of polymeric color (0.31 AU) and chroma (33.38) were exhibited by Clitoria ternatea. Thus, G. mangostana and C. ternatea exhibited better potential in antioxidant and colorant properties as compared to Syzygium cumini and Ardisia colorata var. elliptica.