Abstract
The Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) also known as English, Carpathian or common walnut is an important fruit species for Central and Eastern Europe, as its productivity increases annually due to its good market situation. Phenolic compounds of fifteen Persian walnut cultivars and two selected genotypes were examined by HPLC in this research paper. If we rank the phenolic compounds of the examined cultivars based on their quantity into increasing relative order, the quantity of Vanillic acid was the highest compound followed by Cathechin, Pyrocathechin, Epicathechin, Rutin, Syringic acid, Gallic acid, Juglone and Cinnamic acid. As results it can be considered that the Hungarian bred walnut cultivars had higher phenolic content compared to foreign cultivars. Among foreign bred cultivars evaluated in this paper the Serbian cultivars ‘Srem’ and ‘Sampion’ had the best results.
Highlights
The Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) plays an important role within the fruit producing industry of Central and Eastern European countries and the production is increasing yearly because of favourable markets
In Hungaria Ltd. in Lengyeltóti (Hungary) the Persian walnut breeding started at the Fruit Growing Research Institute in 1950, and from this program eight walnut cultivars are registered on the Hungarian National Variety List
The phenolic compound profiles of the fifteen tested walnut cultivars are shown in Figs. 1 to 9
Summary
The Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) plays an important role within the fruit producing industry of Central and Eastern European countries and the production is increasing yearly because of favourable markets. The growers in Romania, Serbia and Hungary use state registered cultivars, while the Ukrainian growers mostly collect walnut from the seedling populations. Walnut growing is a major tree crop in Central Europe with active breeding programs supporting this industry. In Hungary the Persian walnut breeding started at the Fruit Growing Research Institute in 1950, and from this program eight walnut cultivars are registered on the Hungarian National Variety List. In Romania new Persian walnut cultivars were either selected from local populations or by cross breeding (Botu et al, 2010). In Serbia the "breeding" method was through selection by organizing a competition “Searching for quality walnut” (Korac et al, 1986)
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