Abstract
UV-B and IR-A radiation are important inducers of biological changes in skin involving ROS generation. The overloading of antioxidant defense mechanisms by ROS production could lead to photoaging and photocarcinogenesis processes. Various traditional usages are reported for Aralia nudicaulis L. extracts, including treatment of dermatological disorders. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have already been reported for other Aralia species possibly due to the presence of phenolic compounds. However, the phenolic composition and the potential activity of A. nudicaulis rhizomes extract against oxidative stress and UV/IR damages have not been investigated. The main aims of this study were to prepare a fraction enriched in phenolic compounds (FEPC) from A. nudicaulis rhizomes, to identify its major phenolic compounds and to assess its potential for protective effects against oxidative stress induced by UV-B, IR-A or inflammation. A quantitative LC-MS study of FEPC shows that chlorogenic, caffeic and protocatechuic acids are the main phenolic compounds present, with concentrations of 15.6%, 15.3% and 4.8% of the total composition, respectively. With a validated analytical method, those compounds were quantified over different stages of the growing period. As for biological potential, first this extract demonstrates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Furthermore, ROS generation induced by IR-A and UV-B were strongly inhibited by A. nudicaulis extract, suggesting that Aralia nudicaulis L. rhizome extract could protect dermal cells against oxidative stress induced by UV-B and IR-A.
Highlights
We confirmed the enrichment in phenolic compounds of this fraction with a Folin-Ciocalteu assay performed on different extracts taken from different stages of the purification
15.3% on the fraction enriched in phenolic compounds (FEPC) total composition, respectively. These results show an important concentration of these two phenolic acids, compared to 2.4% and 0.28% of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in the starting methanolic extract composition, respectively
The chemical composition of a phenolic extract from Aralia nudicaulis L. rhizomes was identified by LC-MS, and chlorogenic, caffeic and protocatechuic acids were the main compounds identified the extract
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Skin aging results from different endogenous as well as exogenous effects. Exogenous factors may include solar irradiation, air pollution, cigarette smoke, nutritional stress, lack of sleep or extreme temperatures as the skin aging exposome [1]. Despite all these factors, solar irradiation is still the main contributor to cutaneous aging and skin cancer. The solar spectrum is composed with ultraviolet radiation (UVR), infrared radiation (IR) and visible light
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