Abstract
This study identified two phenolic compounds in Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi fruits: naringenin (first report in this species) and gallic acid. Their structures were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data (1H-, 13C-NMR) and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. A high content of phenolics (659.21 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of sample—Folin-Ciocalteau method) and total flavonoids (140.69 mg of rutin equivalents/g of sample—aluminum chloride method) were quantified in S. terebinthifolius, as well as high antioxidant activity (77.47%—2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH method). The antihypertensive activity related to its phenolic content was investigated. After intravenous infusion in Wistar rats, these phenolics significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the systolic, median, and diastolic arterial pressures of individuals. The rotarod test was performed to determine the mechanism of action of the sample vasorelaxant effect. It was found that its action exceeded that of the positive control used (diazepam). This confirmed the vasodilatory activity exerted by S. terebinthifolius fruits is related to the phenolic compounds present in the plant, which are potent antioxidants and inhibit oxidative stress, mainly in the central nervous system.
Highlights
IntroductionOrganization (WHO) reported that about three-quarters of the ofworld’s population make use of medicinal plants to improve health [1]
Molecules The World HealthOrganization (WHO) reported that about three-quarters of the2 ofworld’s population make use of medicinal plants to improve health [1]
The organic fraction was subjected twice to Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography to to produce the G5 fraction, whose chemical profile was analyzed by High Performance Liquid produce the G5 fraction, whose chemical profile was analyzed by High Performance Liquid
Summary
Organization (WHO) reported that about three-quarters of the ofworld’s population make use of medicinal plants to improve health [1]. Medicinal plants can be considered as Aroeira or Pink Pepper [4] This species is one of 71 medicinal plants reported in the National one of the oldest forms of health care [2,3]. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Anacardiaceae, is a plant native to South America popularly (SUS)known [5] This was or created to promote and species acknowledge the71popular useplants of medicinal as list. Natural reported in several studies and has led the scientific community to carry out epidemiological studies compounds are responsible for the protective effect of cells against oxidative damage caused by on the likely associations between phenolic compounds andcan reduced for various diseases [6,7].
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