Abstract
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench contains phenolic compounds which vary according to growth stage and plant tissue. Caryopses, glumes, stalks, and leaves of AT × 623 ∗ CS3541 were sampled from 0 do t0 days after anthesis (DAA) and analyzed for free phenolic compounds (FPC) using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and total phenolic acids (TPA) using high performance liquid chromatography. Average levels of FPC were 0·5 (caryopses), 2·2 (glumes), 0·9 (stalks), and 6·2 mg g −1 (leaves). Caryopses and glumes had higher FPC levels 15 DAA; FPC levels within stalks did not change during maturity; young, lower leaves had higher FPC levels. Average levels of TPA were 2·5 (caryopses), 10·6 (glumes), 4·8 (stalks), and 7·6 mg g −1 (leaves). Caryopses and stalks contained stable levels of TPA during maturation. Glumes contained maximum levels of TPA at physiological maturity of caryopsis (27 DAA) while young, upper leaves contained more TPA. The most abundant phenolic acids, p-coumaric, salicyclic, and ferulic acids, were present at 0·2–2·0 mg g −1. These levels of FPC and phenolic acids are inhibitory to many microbes and enzymes involved with digestion of biomass in the rumen of livestock and in biomass-fuel systems.
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