Abstract
Mass spectrometry has become a method of choice to characterize bioactive compounds in biological samples because of its sensitivity and selectivity. Hybrid ultra-HPLC hyphenated with Orbitrap mass analyzer is an innovative state of the art technology that allows fast and accurate metabolomic analyses. In this work the metabolites of a Chilean mistletoe endemic to the VIII region of Chile were investigated for the first time using UHPLC mass analysis (UHPLC-PDA-HESI-Orbitrap MSn). The anthocyanins, together with the non-pigmented phenolics were fingerprinted and correlated with the antioxidant capacities measured by the bleaching of the DPPH radical, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the superoxide anion scavenging activity assay (SA), and total content of phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins measured by spectroscopic methods. Six anthocyanins were identified, and among them, the 3-O-glycosides of delphinidin and cyanidin were the major ones. In addition, several phenolic acids (including feruloylquinic acid, feruloyl glucose, chlorogenic acid) and several flavonols (luteolin, quercetin, apigenin, isorhamnetin and glycoside derivatives) were also identified. The mistletoe leaves showed the highest antioxidant activity as measured by the DPPH radical bleaching, ferric reducing antioxidant power and superoxide anion scavenging activity tests (13.38 ± 0.47 µg/mL, 125.32 ± 5.96 µmolTE/g DW and 84.06 ± 4.59 at 100 µg/mL, respectively).
Highlights
The genus Tristerix comprises 11 species growing only in South America in places near the AndesMountains from Chile-Argentina to Colombia and Ecuador
Three antioxidant assays were employed for this study: the DPPH antiradical activity assay, the superoxide anion inhibition assay, and the ferric reducing activity measured as micromoles of the standard Trolox (Table 1)
The antioxidant capacities were supported by the measurement of total anthocyanins in the flowers (TAC), as well as the phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents in flowers and leaves
Summary
The genus Tristerix comprises 11 species growing only in South America in places near the AndesMountains from Chile-Argentina to Colombia and Ecuador. (Loranthaceae, local name quintral or quintral del álamo) is a medicinal mistletoe species native to southern. It is a parasite plant of aspen (Populus sp.) colliguay (Colliguaya odorifera) Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) willow (Salix sp.) and other native Chilean species. Molecules 2016, 21, 245 study of this plant is important because this Chilean mistletoe has traditionally been used in alternative medicine as an anti-inflammatory, digestive [1], hemostatic and hypocholesterolemic [2]. Anthocyanins, which belong to the flavonoids subclass, are well known pigmented bioactive compounds [4] They are widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, such as blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, strawberries, blackcurrants, elderberries, grapes, cranberries, red cabbage, red radishes, and spinach [5]. They are very stable in acidic conditions (pH 2) in which they exist as red-colored flavylium their
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