Abstract
Flavonoids and phenolic acids isolated from the herbs of Melampyrum pretense (MP) and M. nemorosum (MN) (Scrophulariaceae) growing in the Ural region have been studied by two-dimensional paper chromatography. The phenolic complex of MP contains 23 compounds including 17 flavonoids and 6 phenolcarboxylic acids. The MN herb contains 9 flavonoids and 5 phenolcarboxylic acids. A comparison with reference samples showed the presence of cinaroside, luteolin, quercetin, hyperoside, and chlorogenic, caffeic, and ferulic acids. Differential UV spectra of the extracts of MP and MN herbs in the presence of aluminum chloride showed peaks at 395.6 and 398.7 nm, respectively, which have been used for quantitative determination of the flavonoids (recalculated for cinaroside). The maximum flavonoid content was found in the generative organs; the minimum, in the roots. It is established that the flavonoid content in various organs varies within 0.08–3.17% for MP and 0.04–2.29% for MN.
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