Abstract
In this study, different plant parts (barks, flowers, inner skins, kernels and leaves) of Castanea crenata (Japanese chestnut) were analyzed for total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents. Antioxidant properties were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), reducing power, and β-carotene bleaching methods. The highest total phenolic and tannin contents were found in the inner skins (1034 ± 7.21 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract and 253.89 ± 5.59 mg catechin equivalent/g extract, respectively). The maximum total flavonoid content was observed in the flowers (147.41 ± 1.61 mg rutin equivalent/g extract). The inner skins showed the strongest antioxidant activities in all evaluated assays. Thirteen phenolic acids and eight flavonoids were detected and quantified for the first time. Major phenolic acids were gallic, ellagic, sinapic, and p-coumaric acids, while the principal flavonoids were myricetin and isoquercitrin. The inner skin extract was further fractionated by column chromatography to yield four fractions, of which fraction F3 exhibited the most remarkable DPPH scavenging capacity. These results suggest that C. crenata provides promising antioxidant capacities, and is a potential natural preservative agent in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Highlights
Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc (Japanese chestnut), belonging to the family Fagaceae, is a woody native plant of Japan and South Korea, and widely cultivated in Asian countries [1,2]
The total phenolic contents of flowers, inner skins, kernels, and leaves of C. crenata were considerably higher than Castanea sativa Miller (3.73–475 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract) [25]
Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of inner skins were greater than previous results reported by Lee et al [24] that C. crenata possessed only 5.33 mg GAE/g in total phenolic contents, and 0.12 mg QE/g in total flavonoid contents
Summary
Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc (Japanese chestnut), belonging to the family Fagaceae, is a woody native plant of Japan and South Korea, and widely cultivated in Asian countries [1,2]. Et Zucc (Japanese chestnut), belonging to the family Fagaceae, is a woody native plant of Japan and South Korea, and widely cultivated in Asian countries [1,2]. The total annual chestnut consumption in Japan is above 20,000 tons [3]. This species has been used as a traditional medicine in many countries for centuries [4]. Among more than 25,000 secondary metabolites that have been identified in plants [6], phenolic compounds have been exploited as scavengers and inhibitors due to their antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-tumor properties [7,8]. Phenolic compounds are increasingly applied in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic productions [9]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
