Abstract
This study screened flavonoids and phenolic acids, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of Mespilus germanica leaf and fruit samples. The RP-HPLC-DAD analysis allowed the identification of hesperidin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, benzoic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, protocatechuic, syringic, caffeic, ferulic, sinapic and p-coumaric acids in various extracts. Fruit alkaline-hydrolysable phenolic acids extract (BHPA), leaf bound phenolic acids from basic hydrolysis-2 extract (BPBH2) and leaf free flavan-3-ol extract exhibited the largest DPPH, OH and NO radicals scavenging activity, respectively. Leaf flavone extract showed strong cytotoxicity on the HepG2 cell line (IC50 = 36.49 ± 1.12 μg/mL) as well as good •OH scavenging and Fe2+ chelation activities. Additionally, leaf bound phenolic acids from acid hydrolysis-1 extract (BPAH1) demonstrated strong cytotoxicity on the HeLa cell line (IC50 = 36.24 ± 1.89 μg/mL). This study suggests Turkish medlar as a natural source of phenolic compounds with potential application in food and pharmaceutical industries as anticancer/antioxidant agents.
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