Phenolic Acids Content and Nutritional Quality of Conventional, Organic and Biodynamic Cultivations of the Tomato CXD271BIO Breeding Line (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Solanum lycopersicum&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L.)

Laura D’Evoli,Ginevra Lombardi-Boccia,Altero Aguzzi,Loretta Gambelli,Massimo Lucarini,Josè Sánchez Del Pulgar,Paolo Gabrielli

doi:10.4236/fns.2016.712106

Abstract

This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of growing systems (conventional, organic and biodynamic performed with two types of manuring) on some nutritional traits of the tomato breeding line CXD271BIO (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Experimental fields were in the same geographical area and the cultivations were performed over five years. The content of macronutrients, minerals (Ca, K, Mg, P, Na), trace elements (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) and phenolic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acids) was determined. The biodynamic A growing system showed the highest protein and carbohydrates content compared to the other growing systems. Data on minerals and trace elements content showed significant differences (mainly in Ca, Na, Fe and Zn content) between conventional and biodynamic tomatoes, whereas no major impact of the fertilization among organic and the two biodynamic growing systems was observed. Appreciable differences in phenolic acids biosynthesis were observed, with the year of harvest showing a marked effect especially on chlorogenic, p-cumaric and ferulic acids content. Conversely, the cultivation system did not show major influence. Principal Components Analysis (PCA), performed on mineral and phenolic acids content, substantiated the large effect of the year of harvest, also suggesting an effect of the conventional cultivation system.

Highlights

This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of growing systems on some nutritional traits of the tomato breeding line CXD271BIO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Moisture content was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the conventionally grown tomatoes compared to the organically and the biodynamically grown ones, by contrast it was very similar among the three types of organic growing systems (Table 1)
No differences were evidenced in lipid content; carbohydrates content resulted significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the conventionally grown tomatoes compared to the other growing systems, but no differences were observed among tomatoes grown by organic and biodynamic A and B growing systems (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of growing systems (conventional, organic and biodynamic performed with two types of manuring) on some nutritional traits of the tomato breeding line CXD271BIO (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Multiple stressing factors can influence the synthesis of these bio-active molecules having specific protective role in plants [5] [6] Their content in plants is highly variable and controlled by a broad spectrum of factors of both intrinsic (e.g. the genotype) [7] and extrinsic nature such as the environmental conditions of the growing area (temperature, light exposure) [8]-[10] and the cropping systems utilized (conventional, organic, biodynamic) [11]-[13]. The impact of the different growing systems on phenolic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic), macronutrients, minerals (Ca, K, Mg, P, Na) and trace elements (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) content in the selected tomato cv. The impact of the different growing systems on phenolic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic), macronutrients, minerals (Ca, K, Mg, P, Na) and trace elements (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) content in the selected tomato cv. was assessed

Methods

Results

Conclusion