Abstract
A new Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) based fluorescent sensor for recognizing Th4+ ions has been successfully designed and developed. Sensor probe of 2-methyl-4-(4-(7,8,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,i]phenanthridin-5-yl)phenyl)but-3-yn-2-ol (1a) and 5-(4-ethynylphenyl)-7,8,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,i]phenanthridine (1b) selectively determined Th4+ ion with an instant color change from colorless to blue in CH3CN:H2O (9:1) solvent system. The detection limit (1a: 3.4 × 10−8 M and 1b: 1.4 × 10−8 M) for Th4+ ion was below the U.S Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) permissible level in drinking water. In addition, 1a was applied to quantify thorium ions in natural water samples. The present sensor probe could detect thorium ions in biological cells using fluorescence bio-imaging with different emission channels. The detailed sensing mechanisms of 1a and 1b for Th4+ ion have been investigated from NMR titrations, FTIR, Electrospray ionization (ESI)-Mass, and theoretical calculation techniques.
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