Abstract
Chemical investigation and activity test of Arundina graminifolia led to the isolation of six phenanthrenes: blestriarene A (1), shancidin (2), densiflorol B (3), ephemeranthoquinone (4), coelonin (5) and lusianthridin (6). The isolated compounds demonstrated antibacterial and anti-haemolytic activities. It was found that compounds 1 and 2 had medium antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, with MICs of 20–40 μg/mL and MBCs of 40–320 μg/mL. Bactericidal mechanisms were explored. Rupture of cell wall and membrane and leakage of nuclear mass were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, compounds 1–3 attenuated the erythrocyte damage. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant anti-haemolytic activity with inhibition rate about 50% at 16 μg/mL.
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