Abstract
Based upon dual focusing techniques, the Polarimetric High-Energy Modular Telescope Observatory (PHEMTO) is designed to have performance several orders of magnitude better than the present hard X-ray instruments, in the 1–600 keV energy range. This, together with its angular resolution of around one arcsecond, and its sensitive polarimetry measurement capability, will give PHEMTO the improvements in scientific performance needed for a mission in the 2050 era in order to study AGN, galactic black holes, neutrons stars, and supernovae. In addition, its high performance will enable the study of the non-thermal processes in galaxy clusters with an unprecedented accuracy.
Highlights
With the opening of the X and gamma–ray windows in the sixties, thanks to sounding rockets and satellite-borne instruments, extremely energetic and violent phenomenaExtended author information available on the last page of the article.Experimental Astronomy (2021) 51:1143–1173 were discovered and subsequently found to be ubiquitous in the Universe
A particular example is the hard X-ray INTEGRAL/SPI/ACS and Fermi/GBM detection of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 discovered by gravitational-wave interferometers [2, 37, 88], which has shown that multi-messenger astronomy brings new insights into these violent phenomena
In the 2050s ground based gravitational wave interferometers will routinely discover binary neutron stars (NS) mergers up to redshift 1 and beyond [19]: follow-up observations with Polarimetric High-Energy Modular Telescope Observatory (PHEMTO) will contribute to elucidating the role of newborn magnetars in the formation of kilonovae and possibly provide a link between the young and evolved magnetar populations we observe in our Galaxy
Summary
With the opening of the X and gamma–ray windows in the sixties, thanks to sounding rockets and satellite-borne instruments, extremely energetic and violent phenomena. The existence of compact objects, in particular black holes, was unveiled In addition to their obvious interest as objects predicted by the Theory of General Relativity, it has been realized that black holes of all masses play a fundamental role in shaping the observable properties of the Universe. They are central in questions about the evolution of the Universe. The mission will provide unique polarimetry measurements in the hard X-ray domain, an important new diagnostic tool at energies for which the non-thermal processes dominate.
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