Abstract
The long fluorescence intensity decays exhibited by Ruthenium metal complexes are used to monitor reduced oxygen conditions in a range of biomedical and environmental applications. Both low frequency phase and modulation fluorometry (MPF) and Time Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC) were used to monitor these changes. Direct drive-current-modulation and pulsed inexpensive, bright visible Light Emitting Diodes were employed. Lifetime data collected at room temperature using fused-silica cuvettes were analyzed in the classical way and compared with the phasor approach. Phasor plots were used to further elucidate the effects and removal of artifacts related to LED spectral cleanliness, emission filter excitation light leakage, measurement range cutoff, line frequency harmonics interference.
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