Abstract
Transmission of light through subwavelength apertures surrounded by periodic structures have attracted extensive research interests since the last two decades. In this work, we propose a method to achieve directional transmission of electromagnetic waves diffracted by a subwavelength aperture using phase-gradient metasurfaces instead of grating structures. Near-field distributions from both numerical simulations and experimental measurements are presented to validate the concept. The extraordinary transmission is further maintained over a non-negligible frequency band ranging from 9 GHz to 12 GHz by modulating the phase profile of the metasurface through electronically-controlled varactor diodes inserted in the constituting unit cells of the metasurfaces.
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