Phased array system consisting of unit pattern reconfigurable Square Loop Antennas

Abstract

A 2×2 array of pattern adaptive Square Loop Antennas (SLA) is presented. The antenna generates off-boresight tilted beams (14.4dBi at θ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> =32°) in four different quadrant of Φ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> =45°, Φ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> =135°, Φ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> =225° and Φ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> =315°, when four of its feeding ports are excited by proper phases. The antenna also provides both circularly and linearly polarized axial beams (13.6dBi) when all the 16 feeding ports are excited simultaneously with specific phases. These five distinct patterns enable systems to offer high gain coverage in both off-boresight and boresight directions.