Abstract
Solid solutions of PbZr1−xTixO3 (PZT) are one of the most widely used piezoelectric materials with perovskite structure. Despite the decades of research, the phase diagram of PZT reported in 1971 has not been resolved yet. Recently, it turned out that single crystals of good quality of these solid solutions can be grown. By means of top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) technique, we succeeded to grow a single PbZr0.87Ti0.13O3 crystal. Hence, a partial verification of the diagram could be performed through investigations of the optical, dielectric, pyroelectric and elastic properties of this crystal, in a wide temperature range. The obtained results confirmed that the PbZr0.87Ti0.13O3 crystal undergoes a sequence of phase transitions, such as those observed in ceramics of similar chemical composition. However, additional anomalies of investigated physical properties were observed and discussed. Moreover, the influence of electric field on optical properties has been investigated for the first time and has proven the existence of local polar character of the phase above TC in a limited temperature range.
Highlights
After more than six decades, solid solutions of PbZr1−x Tix O3 (PZT) still continue to be intensively studied piezoelectric materials and are among the most interesting compounds from the application perspective
Ferromagnetic properties were found in a PZT crystal [1], which means that these materials can be classified as multiferroics and may find even wider application
The PZT phase diagram developed by Jaffe et al [2] has been accepted as the basic characterization of the PZT solid solution
Summary
After more than six decades, solid solutions of PbZr1−x Tix O3 (PZT) still continue to be intensively studied piezoelectric materials and are among the most interesting compounds from the application perspective. Ferromagnetic properties were found in a PZT crystal [1], which means that these materials can be classified as multiferroics and may find even wider application. The PZT phase diagram developed by Jaffe et al [2] has been accepted as the basic characterization of the PZT solid solution. Many reports [3,4,5,6,7,8,9] show that the Jaffe’s diagram needs verification. One of the reasons for it is that it was developed on the basis of ceramics only, because PZT crystals growth process has been developed only recently. As early as 40 years ago, Whatmore et al [10]
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