Phase transition of anisotropic frustrated Heisenberg model on the square lattice.

Abstract

We have investigated the J_{1}-J_{2} Heisenberg model with exchange anisotropy on a square lattice and focused on possible AF1-AF2 phase transition below the Néel point and its dependence on the exchange anisotropy, where AF1 and AF2 represent Néel state and collinear state, respectively. We use the double-time Green's-function method and adopt the random-phase approximation. The less the exchange anisotropy, the stronger the quantum fluctuation of the system will be. Both the Néel state and collinear state can exist and have the same Néel temperature for arbitrary anisotropy and spin quantum number S when J_{2}/J_{1}=0.5. Under such parameters, the calculated free energies show that there may occur a first-order phase transition between the Néel state and collinear state for an arbitrary S when anisotropy is not strong.