Abstract
The phase transitions of benzene under static and dynamic compression were measured by Raman spectroscopy. Under a static compression of up to 23.90 GPa, benzene underwent two phase transitions at approximately 0.71 GPa and 2.73 GPa, and one chemical transformation above 21.95 GPa. Under dynamic compression, liquid benzene was solidified by rapid compression from approximately 0.36 GPa to 3.81 GPa, 6.68 GPa, 9.96 GPa and 16.68 GPa, step by step within 5 ms. It was discovered that liquid benzene changed from the liquid phase into the coexistence phase of I&II at 3.81 GPa and 6.68 GPa, but then changed into two precocious phases at 9.96 GPa and 16.68 GPa. According to the alteration and evolution of the ν1 ring breathing mode (992 cm−1), rapid compression might hasten the mixed-phase’s structural transformation and make it easier to generate benzene pure phase. Decompression measurements on benzene suggest the precocious pure phase II produced by rapid compression can maintain its stable structure rather than undergo a phase change as the pressure decreases to 2.76 GPa. These phase behaviors may be attributed to the dynamic lattice instability brought on by the faster compression rate as well as the deviation from equilibrium state brought on by the dynamic pressure-induced temperature rise.
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